本草条目

人参

复核状态：待来源归属复核结论状态：未建立临床结论可显示摘录

先读懂这条记录

原文摘读 · 自动分段

这里展示的是《本草備要》中“人参”的记载。下面按原文线索帮助阅读，不把古籍记载改写成现代疗效结论。

原文摘读

大补元气，泻火生甘苦微凉（甘补阳，微苦微寒，又能补阴），熟甘温。

结合上下文阅读；遇到异体字或可疑文字，可打开原始来源校对。

原文摘读

大补肺中元气（东坦曰∶肺主气，肺气旺，则四脏之气皆旺，精自生而形自盛。

结合上下文阅读；遇到异体字或可疑文字，可打开原始来源校对。

原文摘读

十剂曰补可去弱，人参羊肉之属是也。

结合上下文阅读；遇到异体字或可疑文字，可打开原始来源校对。

原文摘读

人参补气，羊肉补形），泻火（得升麻补上焦，泻肺火；得茯苓补下焦，泻肾火；得麦冬泻火而生脉；得黄、甘草，乃甘温退大热。

结合上下文阅读；遇到异体字或可疑文字，可打开原始来源校对。

原文摘读

东垣曰∶参、、甘草，泻火之圣药，合用名黄汤。

结合上下文阅读；遇到异体字或可疑文字，可打开原始来源校对。

原文摘读

按烦劳则虚而生热，得甘温以益元气，而邪热自退，故亦谓之泻），益土（健脾）、生金（补肺）。

结合上下文阅读；遇到异体字或可疑文字，可打开原始来源校对。

阅读全部收录原文，核对出处 ↓

导读仅摘取开头部分；下方原文栏不作截断。

来源与原文

典籍或来源: 《本草備要》
所在部类: 草部
使用权限: 开放许可

大补元气，泻火生甘苦微凉（甘补阳，微苦微寒，又能补阴），熟甘温。大补肺中元气（东坦曰∶肺主气，肺气旺，则四脏之气皆旺，精自生而形自盛。十剂曰补可去弱，人参羊肉之属是也。人参补气，羊肉补形），泻火（得升麻补上焦，泻肺火；得茯苓补下焦，泻肾火；得麦冬泻火而生脉；得黄、甘草，乃甘温退大热。东垣曰∶参、、甘草，泻火之圣药，合用名黄汤。按烦劳则虚而生热，得甘温以益元气，而邪热自退，故亦谓之泻），益土（健脾）、生金（补肺）。明目，开心益智，添精神，定惊悸（邪火退，正气旺，则心肝宁而惊悸定），除烦渴（泻火故除烦、生津故止渴），通血脉（气行则血行，贺汝瞻曰∶生脉散用之者，以其通经活血，则脉自生也，古方解散药、行表药多用之，皆取其通经而走表也），破坚积（气运则积化），消痰水（气旺则痰行水消）。治虚劳内伤（伤于七情、六欲、饮食、作劳为内伤；伤于风寒、暑、湿为外感。如内伤发热，时热时止；外感发热，热甚无休。内伤恶寒，得暖便解；外感恶寒，絮火不除。内伤头痛，乍痛乍歇；外感头痛，连痛无停。内伤则手心热，外感则手背热。内伤则口淡无味，外感则鼻塞不通。内伤则气口脉盛，多属不足，宜温、宜补、宜和；外感则人迎脉盛，多属有余，宜汗、宜吐、宜下。盖左人迎主表，右气口主里也！昂按∶东垣辨内伤外感最详，恐人以治外感者治内伤也。今人缘东垣之言，凡外伤风寒发热咳嗽者，概不轻易表散，每用润肺退热药，间附秦艽、苏梗、柴胡、前胡一二味，而羌活、防风等绝不敢用。不思秦艽阳明药，柴胡少阳药，于太阳有何涉乎？以致风寒久郁，嗽热不止，变成虚损，杀人多矣。此又以内伤治外感之误也，附此正之），发热自汗（自汗属阳虚，盗汗属阴虚，亦有过服参、而汗反盛者，以阳盛阴虚，阳愈补而阴愈亏也，又宜清热养血，而汗自止），多梦纷纭，呕哕反胃，虚咳喘促（《蒙筌》曰∶歌有肺热还伤肺之句，惟言寒热，不辨虚实，若肺中实热者忌之，虚热者服之何害？又曰∶诸痛无补法，不用参。若久病虚痛，何尝忌此耶），疟痢滑泻（始痢宜下，久痢宜补，治疟意同。丹溪曰∶叶先生患痢，后甚逼迫，正合承气证，予曰气口脉虚，形虽实而面黄白，必过饱伤胃，与参、术、陈、芍十余帖，三日后胃气稍完，再与承气汤二帖而安。又曰∶补未至而下，则病者不能当；补已至而弗下，则药反添药。匪急匪徐，其间间不容发，噫，微哉！昂按∶此先补后下法之变者也，非胸有定见者，不可轻用，然后学亦宜知之。大承气汤，大黄、芒硝、枳实、浓朴），淋沥胀满（《发明》云∶胸胁逆满，由中气不足作胀者宜补之，而胀自除，经所谓塞因塞用也。俗医泥于作饱不敢用，不知少服反滋壅，多服则宣通，补之，正所以导之也。皇甫嵩，着《本草发明》），中暑、中风及一切血证（东垣曰∶古人治大吐血，脉芤洪者，并用人参。脱血者先益其气，盖血不自生，须得生阳气之药乃生，阳生则阴长之义也。若单用补血药，血无由而生矣。凡虚劳吐血，能受补者易治，不能受补者难治）。黄润紧实，似人形者良。去芦用。补剂用熟，泻火用生。炼膏服，能回元气于无何有之乡（有火者，天冬膏对服）。参生时背阳向阴，不喜风日，宜焙用，忌铁。茯苓为使。畏五灵脂。恶皂荚、黑豆、紫石英、人溲、咸卤。反藜芦（言闻曰∶东垣理脾胃，泻阴火，交泰丸内用人参、皂荚，是恶而不恶也；古方疗月闭，四物汤加人参、五灵脂，是畏而不畏也。又疗痰在胸膈、人参藜芦同用，而取其涌越，是激其怒性也。非洞奥达权者不能知）。人参芦能涌吐痰涎，体虚人用之，以代瓜蒂（丹溪曰∶人参入手太阴、补阳中之阴。芦反能泻太阴之阳，亦犹麻黄根、苗不同。痰在膈，在经络，非吐不可，吐中就有发散之义。一妇性躁味浓，暑月因怒而病呃，作则举身跳动，昏不知人。其人形气俱实，乃痰因怒郁，气不得降，非吐不可。以参芦半两，逆流水煎服，吐顽痰数碗，大汗昏睡而安）。

打开原始来源 ↗

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比较历代记载

当前是一份《本草備要》的条目。可以与其他来源的同名记录对读，比较用途、别名和文字差异。

检索同名资料 →

追查相关方剂

本条目尚未关联方剂，不代表没有方剂使用它。目前不能据此列出已核实的处方。

临床研究与安全性

本草条目中尚未整理现代研究与安全性评估。这里的“未整理”不代表没有研究，也不代表已证实安全。

按名称查已收录现代资料 →当前匹配名称及文献标题，不是全面文献检索，可能没有命中。

日文名称与检索

本条目尚无有来源且已复核的日文名称。

自动生成的检索读音（15 个候选）

这些是按汉字读音组合的生成读音候选，不是已收录的日文药名，不证明基原等同性、方剂使用或临床有效性。多个读音不是多份独立证据。

ジンサン →ジンシン →ジンマイル →ジンマジワル →ジンミツ →ニンサン →ニンシン →ニンマイル →ニンマジワル →ニンミツ →ヒトサン →ヒトシン →ヒトマイル →ヒトマジワル →ヒトミツ →

专业审查：名称来源与生成记录

保留原始分类、复核状态、限制及生成方法；以下含未翻译的技术数据。

ジンサン

{
  "id": "jp-name-5acc33b6b757246e88765f7b0e0e3836f655c859a3b2cecb7b372cd77d32a8a7",
  "term": "ジンサン",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ジンシン

{
  "id": "jp-name-0bbd83dfa7f5e74b3bcfcbdd1a3c3c592b115387780b497ed26c199398703ecd",
  "term": "ジンシン",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ジンマイル

{
  "id": "jp-name-c279a5ac0e0987ff9d2c57bb080850e6c8750bc22d541090610ebceedc329eb0",
  "term": "ジンマイル",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ジンマジワル

{
  "id": "jp-name-437192f7fe92406997cdb49a842a7e9817cd8ad08f1fac78ceb65bd263a71895",
  "term": "ジンマジワル",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ジンミツ

{
  "id": "jp-name-e92a97a62a895f1b109a101d05fc5ce7489954901bf141121906b215c3475e50",
  "term": "ジンミツ",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ニンサン

{
  "id": "jp-name-fe8af8061c73ba1528c4cdb8b3def9ed91f8713a07ecabf9acad4aaa55b029b0",
  "term": "ニンサン",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ニンシン

{
  "id": "jp-name-daedfe618a344f6ef535a3bac7e3128254dd7ddbebe1e7582bcb02f3d4dc1743",
  "term": "ニンシン",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ニンマイル

{
  "id": "jp-name-06866b269a9de09c81fc28f51f77fe0fe8dd82d1e0bb26c553b0b8d8796ced08",
  "term": "ニンマイル",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ニンマジワル

{
  "id": "jp-name-6729dc5a0ffbf7fa48154e9794c7bda38be64e87a87fcacfc147fc3c0bfcfd53",
  "term": "ニンマジワル",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ニンミツ

{
  "id": "jp-name-66b3435bf01bee2ffef42a6d3575a52054b5d7afd9cc9e344762994e66906ae9",
  "term": "ニンミツ",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ヒトサン

{
  "id": "jp-name-1be4f52911e5188c511d34579b185d1182b7905b8b858d2f475b74d42f443145",
  "term": "ヒトサン",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ヒトシン

{
  "id": "jp-name-98fa3dba351186ce524ce72ccb327747d852e8bd88e17755a6f3138e157cd145",
  "term": "ヒトシン",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ヒトマイル

{
  "id": "jp-name-931deeb7e27fb9ac230d2261547359bb28abe56225f0a740ec3415f4aee28256",
  "term": "ヒトマイル",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ヒトマジワル

{
  "id": "jp-name-1a847bfddb5d700cccbfd320108b9650055f5658aab8ecb5e4a713ff09e15315",
  "term": "ヒトマジワル",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ヒトミツ

{
  "id": "jp-name-33fa0abd3d2ac0aeba7316054bb87c4d98564624d0786570c0c0a44374c1150c",
  "term": "ヒトミツ",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "人参",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

技术溯源信息

以下字段供审计与复现使用，一般阅读时无需理解。

原始记录的证据边界

记录中的名称与别名属于文字证据，不能据此确认现代药材基原。
该条目尚未建立方剂适应证或临床有效性结论。

来源记录 ID: bencao-beiyao-ws
原始文件字节位置: 27,127用于在原始数字文件中精确定位这段文字，不是页码、剂量或评分。
原始文件 SHA-256: 8dddcf2ef14cd885b7a510923671ab6930caf70ff4318ba0d1fa0babc66033bc