本草条目

水蛭

复核状态：解析复核完成结论状态：未建立临床结论可显示摘录

先读懂这条记录

原文摘读 · 自动分段

这里展示的是《本草綱目》中“水蛭”的记载。下面按原文线索帮助阅读，不把古籍记载改写成现代疗效结论。

原文摘读

水蛭(本經下品)釋名蚑(與蜞同爾雅作虮)至掌(别録)大者名馬蜞(唐本)馬蛭(唐本)馬蟥(衍義)馬鼈(衍義痴時珍曰方音訛蛭為痴故俗有水痴草之稱宗奭曰汴人謂大者為馬鼈)(腹黄者為馬蟥)集解(别録曰水蛭生雷澤池澤五月六月采暴乾𢎞景曰處處河池有之蚑有數種以水中馬蜞得)(囓人腹中有血者乾之為佳山蚑及諸小者皆不堪用恭曰有水蛭草蛭大者長尺許並能咂牛馬人血)(今俗多取水中小者用之大效不必食人血滿腹者其草蛭在深山草中人行即著脛股不覺入於肉中)(産育為害山人自有療法保昇曰惟采水中小者用之别有石蛭生石上泥蛭生泥中二蛭頭尖腰粗色)(…

结合上下文阅读；遇到异体字或可疑文字，可打开原始来源校对。

阅读全部收录原文，核对出处 ↓

导读仅摘取开头部分；下方原文栏不作截断。

用原书别名继续查：蚑 →至掌 →馬蜞 →馬蛭 →馬蟥 →馬鼈 →

来源与原文

典籍或来源: 《本草綱目》
所在部类: 卷四十
记录别名: 蚑、至掌、馬蜞、馬蛭、馬蟥、馬鼈
使用权限: 开放许可

水蛭(本經下品)釋名蚑(與蜞同爾雅作虮)至掌(别録)大者名馬蜞(唐本)馬蛭(唐本)馬蟥(衍義)馬鼈(衍義痴時珍曰方音訛蛭為痴故俗有水痴草之稱宗奭曰汴人謂大者為馬鼈)(腹黄者為馬蟥)集解(别録曰水蛭生雷澤池澤五月六月采暴乾𢎞景曰處處河池有之蚑有數種以水中馬蜞得)(囓人腹中有血者乾之為佳山蚑及諸小者皆不堪用恭曰有水蛭草蛭大者長尺許並能咂牛馬人血)(今俗多取水中小者用之大效不必食人血滿腹者其草蛭在深山草中人行即著脛股不覺入於肉中)(産育為害山人自有療法保昇曰惟采水中小者用之别有石蛭生石上泥蛭生泥中二蛭頭尖腰粗色)(赤誤食之令人眼中如生烟漸致枯損時珍曰李石續博物志云南方水痴以鼻涕聞人氣閃閃而動就)(人體成瘡惟以麝香硃砂塗之即愈此即草蛭也)修治(保昇曰采得以䈽竹筒盛待乾用米泔浸一夜暴乾以冬豬脂煎令焦黄然後用之藏器曰收)(乾蛭當展其身令長腹中有子者去之性最難死雖以火炙亦如魚子煙熏經年得水尤活也大明曰此)(物極難修治須細剉以微火炒色黄乃熟不爾入腹生子為害時珍曰昔有途行飲水及食水菜誤吞水)(蛭入腹生子為害噉咂臟血腸痛黄瘦者惟以田泥或擂黄土水飲數升則必盡下出也葢蛭在人腹忽)(得土氣而下爾或以牛羊熱血一二升同猪脂飲之亦下也)氣味鹹苦平有毒(别録曰微寒畏石灰食鹽)主治逐惡血瘀血月閉破血癥積聚無子利水道(本經)墮胎(别録)治女子月閉欲成血勞(藥性)咂赤白游疹及癰腫毒腫(藏器)治折傷墜蹼畜血有功(寇宗奭)發明(成無已曰鹹定血苦勝血水蛭之鹹苦以除畜血乃肝經血分藥故能通肝經聚血𢎞景曰楚)(王食寒俎見蛭吞之果能去結積雖曰隂祐亦是物性兼然藏器曰此物難死故為楚王之病也時珍曰)(按賈誼新書云楚惠王食寒葅得蛭恐監食當死遂吞之腹有疾而不能食令尹曰天道無親惟徳是輔)(王有仁徳病不為傷王病果愈此楚王吞蛭之事也王充論衡亦云蛭乃食血之蟲楚王殆有積血之病)(故食蛭而病愈也與陶説相符)附方(舊四新六)漏血不止(水蛭炒為末酒服一錢日二服惡血消即愈千金)産後血暈(血結聚於胸中或偏於少腹或連於脇肋用水蛭炒䖟䖝去翅足炒没藥麝香各一錢為末以)(四物湯調下血下痛止仍服四物湯保命集)折傷疼痛(水蛭新瓦焙為細末酒服二錢食頃)(作痛可更一服痛止便將折骨藥封以物夾定調理經驗方)跌撲損傷(瘀血凝滯心腹脹痛)(大小便不通欲死用紅蛭石灰炒黄半兩大黄牽牛頭末各二兩為末毎服二錢熱酒調下當下惡血以)(盡為度名奪命散濟生)墜跌打擊(内傷神效方水蛭麝香各一兩剉碎燒令烟盡為末酒服)(一錢當下畜血未止再服其效如神古今録驗方)杖瘡腫痛(水蛭炒研同朴消等分研末水)(調傅之堂周宻志雅抄)赤白丹腫(藏器曰以水蛭十餘枚令咂病處取皮皺肉白為效冬月)(無蛭地中掘取暖水養之令動先浄人皮膚以竹筒盛蛭合之須臾咬咂血滿自脱更用飢者)癰腫初起(同上方法)紉染白鬚(談埜翁方用水蛭為極細末以龜尿調撚鬚稍自行入根也)(一用白烏骨雞一隻殺血入瓶中納活水蛭數十於内待化成水以猪膽皮包指蘸撚鬚稍自黒入根也)(盒普濟用大水蛭七枚為末汞一兩以銀三兩作小盛之用蚯蚓泥固濟半指厚深埋馬糞中四十九)(日取出化為黒油以魚脬籠指每蘸少許撚鬚上其油自然倒行至根變為黑色也又黒鬚倒捲簾方)(用大馬蜞二三十條竹筒裝之夜置露處受氣餓過七日以雞冠血磨京墨與食過四五次復隂乾將猪)(脛骨打斷放蜞入内仍合定鐵線纒住鹽泥塗之乾時放地上火煅五寸香二次退開三寸火又五寸香)(三次再退逺火又五寸香取出為末將猪膽皮包指承末搽鬚稍即倒上也)

打开原始来源 ↗

这份资料能说明什么？

比较历代记载

当前是一份《本草綱目》的条目。可以与其他来源的同名记录对读，比较用途、别名和文字差异。

检索同名资料 →

追查相关方剂

本条目尚未关联方剂，不代表没有方剂使用它。目前不能据此列出已核实的处方。

临床研究与安全性

本草条目中尚未整理现代研究与安全性评估。这里的“未整理”不代表没有研究，也不代表已证实安全。

按名称查已收录现代资料 →当前匹配名称及文献标题，不是全面文献检索，可能没有命中。

日文名称与检索

本条目尚无有来源且已复核的日文名称。

自动生成的检索读音（6 个候选）

这些是按汉字读音组合的生成读音候选，不是已收录的日文药名，不证明基原等同性、方剂使用或临床有效性。多个读音不是多份独立证据。

スイシツ →スイチツ →スイヒル →ミズシツ →ミズチツ →ミズヒル →

专业审查：名称来源与生成记录

保留原始分类、复核状态、限制及生成方法；以下含未翻译的技术数据。

スイシツ

{
  "id": "jp-name-f0e02c45337702d8cbdaff12e1be63d0ae11da2e7c5bcefc378be33131f96374",
  "term": "スイシツ",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-7280a0910978769f46b0350f3acd4d0b117723eb4cc58198dcfb713640720fce"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "水蛭",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

スイチツ

{
  "id": "jp-name-0d8c018a9b2a94b8f700972588dd08a973e4617c0d532931ca8f306e5dbc6565",
  "term": "スイチツ",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-7280a0910978769f46b0350f3acd4d0b117723eb4cc58198dcfb713640720fce"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "水蛭",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

スイヒル

{
  "id": "jp-name-4c60fd66dafc85d11e1b86dbd40e10e1918fc95996210269d30b54b2fc4edc14",
  "term": "スイヒル",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-7280a0910978769f46b0350f3acd4d0b117723eb4cc58198dcfb713640720fce"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "水蛭",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ミズシツ

{
  "id": "jp-name-e3f26d05b35a651e5c49c9f7c1676927a1c00a51ab8e5f1068080648ea541d61",
  "term": "ミズシツ",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-7280a0910978769f46b0350f3acd4d0b117723eb4cc58198dcfb713640720fce"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "水蛭",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ミズチツ

{
  "id": "jp-name-8bcb127465773825b9c1f1d9a170e1cd6387b5ba98693168f33bc65069435c81",
  "term": "ミズチツ",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-7280a0910978769f46b0350f3acd4d0b117723eb4cc58198dcfb713640720fce"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "水蛭",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

ミズヒル

{
  "id": "jp-name-6fdffe3ebf1e772867f47af14bfcfda827456e2cb1846b9b3c0c5f6f2845d13b",
  "term": "ミズヒル",
  "script": "katakana",
  "target_record_ids": [
    "herb-entry-7280a0910978769f46b0350f3acd4d0b117723eb4cc58198dcfb713640720fce"
  ],
  "relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
  "review_state": "generated",
  "source_refs": [],
  "limitations": [
    "generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
    "a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
  ],
  "derivation": {
    "combination_cap": 32,
    "method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
    "simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
    "source_label": "水蛭",
    "truncated": false
  }
}

技术溯源信息

以下字段供审计与复现使用，一般阅读时无需理解。

原始记录的证据边界

记录中的名称与别名属于文字证据，不能据此确认现代药材基原。
该条目尚未建立方剂适应证或临床有效性结论。

来源记录 ID: bencao-gangmu-kanripo-wyg
原始文件字节位置: 36,792用于在原始数字文件中精确定位这段文字，不是页码、剂量或评分。
原始文件 SHA-256: 7280a0910978769f46b0350f3acd4d0b117723eb4cc58198dcfb713640720fce