本草条目
这里展示的是《本草綱目》中“巴豆”的记载。下面按原文线索帮助阅读，不把古籍记载改写成现代疗效结论。
巴豆(本經下品)釋名巴菽(本經)剛子(炮炙)老陽子(時珍曰此物出巴蜀而形如菽豆故以名之宋)(本草一名巴椒乃菽字傳訛也雷斆炮炙論又分𦂳小色黄者爲巴有三稜色黒者爲豆小而兩頭尖者)(爲剛子云巴與豆可用剛子不可用殺人其說殊乖益𦂳小者是雌冇稜及兩頭尖者是雄雄者峻利雌)(者稍緩也用之得宜皆有功力用之失宜參术亦能爲害况巴豆乎)集解(别錄曰巴豆生巴郡川谷八月采陰乾用之去心皮頌曰今嘉州眉州戎州皆有之木高一二)(丈葉如櫻桃而厚大初生青色後漸黄赤至十二月葉漸稠二月復漸生四月舊葉落盡新葉齊生即花)(發成穗㣲黄色五六月結實作房生青至八月…
结合上下文阅读；遇到异体字或可疑文字，可打开原始来源校对。
导读仅摘取开头部分；下方原文栏不作截断。
巴豆(本經下品)釋名巴菽(本經)剛子(炮炙)老陽子(時珍曰此物出巴蜀而形如菽豆故以名之宋)(本草一名巴椒乃菽字傳訛也雷斆炮炙論又分𦂳小色黄者爲巴有三稜色黒者爲豆小而兩頭尖者)(爲剛子云巴與豆可用剛子不可用殺人其說殊乖益𦂳小者是雌冇稜及兩頭尖者是雄雄者峻利雌)(者稍緩也用之得宜皆有功力用之失宜參术亦能爲害况巴豆乎)集解(别錄曰巴豆生巴郡川谷八月采陰乾用之去心皮頌曰今嘉州眉州戎州皆有之木高一二)(丈葉如櫻桃而厚大初生青色後漸黄赤至十二月葉漸稠二月復漸生四月舊葉落盡新葉齊生即花)(發成穗㣲黄色五六月結實作房生青至八月熟而黄類白豆蔲漸漸自落乃収之一房有二瓣一瓣一)(子或三子子仍有殻用之去殻戎州出者殻上有縱文隠起如線一道至兩三道彼土人呼爲金線巴豆)(最爲上等他處亦稀有時珍曰巴豆房似大風子殻而脆薄子及仁皆似海松子所云似白豆蔲者殊不)(類)修治(𢎞景曰巴豆最能㵼人新者佳用之去皮心熬令黄黑搗如膏乃和丸散斆曰凡用巴與豆敲)(碎以麻油并酒等煮乾研膏用每一兩用油酒各七合大明曰凡入丸散炒用不如去心膜換水煮五度)(各一沸也時珍曰巴豆有用仁者用殻者用油者有生用者麩炒者醋煮者燒存性者有研爛以紙包壓)(去油者謂之巴豆霜)氣味辛温有毒(别録曰生温熟寒有大毒普曰神農岐伯桐君辛有毒黄帝甘有毒李當)(之熱元素曰性熱味苦氣薄味厚體重而沉降隂也杲曰性熱味辛有大毒浮也陽中陽也時珍曰巴豆)(氣熱味辛生猛熟緩能吐能下能止能行是可升可降藥也别錄言其熟則性寒張氏言其降李氏言其)(浮皆泥于一偏矣盖此物不去膜則傷胃不去心則作嘔以沉香水浸則能升能降與大黄同用㵼人反)(緩爲其性相畏也王充論衡云萬物合太陽火氣而生者皆有毒故巴豆辛熱有毒之才曰芫花爲之使)(畏大黄黄連蘆笋菰笋藜蘆醤䜴冷水得火良惡蘘草與牽牛相反中其毒者用冷水黄連汁大豆汁解)(之)主治傷寒温瘧寒熱破癥瘕結聚堅積留飲痰癖大腹蕩練五臟六腑開通閉塞利水穀道去惡肉除鬼毒蟲疰邪物殺蟲魚(本經)療女子月閉爛胎金瘡膿血不利丈夫殺斑蝥蛇虺毒可練餌之益血脉令人色好變化與鬼神通(别錄)治十種水腫痿痺落胎(藥性)通宣一切病泄壅滯除風補勞健脾開胄消痰破血排膿消腫毒殺腹臟蟲治惡瘡息肉及疥癩丁腫(日華)導氣消積去臟腑停寒治生冷硬物所傷(元素)治瀉痢驚癎心腹痛疝氣風蝸耳聾喉痺牙痛通利開竅(時珍)發明(元素曰巴豆乃斬闗奪門之将不可輕用震亨曰巴豆去胃中寒積無寒積者勿用元素曰世)(以巴豆熱藥治酒病膈氣以其辛熱能開腸胃欝結也但欝結雖開而亡血液損其真隂從正曰傷寒風)(溼小兒瘡痘婦人産後用之下膈不死亦危奈何庸人畏大黄而不畏巴豆以其性熱而劑小耳豈知以)(蠟匱之猶能下後使人津液枯竭胷熱口燥耗却天真留毒不去他病轉生故下藥官以爲禁藏器曰巴)(豆主癥癖痃氣痞滿積聚冷氣血塊宿食不消痰飲吐水取青黒大者每日空腹服一枚去殻勿令白膜)(破乃作兩片并四邉不得有損缺吞之以飲壓令下少頃腹内熱如火利出惡物雖利而不虚若久服亦)(不利人白膜破者不用好古曰若急治爲水穀道路之劑去皮心膜油生用若緩治爲消堅磨積之劑炒)(去烟令紫黒用可以通腸可以止㵼世所不知也張仲景治百病客忤備急丸用之時珍曰巴豆峻用則)(有戡亂刼病之功㣲用亦有撫緩調中之妙譬之蕭曹絳灌乃勇猛武夫而用之爲相亦能輔治太平王)(海藏言其可以通腸可以止㵼此發千古之秘也一老婦年六十飲病溏泄已五年肉食油物生冷犯之)(即作痛服調脾升提止澀諸藥入腹則泄反甚延余診之脉沉而滑此乃脾胃久傷冷積凝滯所致王太)(僕所謂大寒凝内久利溏泄愈而復發綿歴歳年者法當以熱下之則寒去利止遂用蠟匱巴豆丸藥五)(十丸與服二日大便不通亦不利其泄遂愈自是毎用治泄痢積滯諸病皆不㵼而病瘉者近百人妙在)(配合得宜藥病相對耳茍用所不當用則犯輕用損隂之戒矣)正誤(𢎞景曰道家亦有煉餌法服之云可神仙人吞一枚便死而䑕食之三年重三十斤物性乃有)(相耐如此時珍曰漢時方士言巴豆錬餌令人色好神仙名醫别錄采入本草張華博物志言䑕食巴豆)(重三十斤一謬一誣陶氏信爲實語誤矣又言人吞一枚即死亦近過情今並正之)附方(舊十三新二十六)一切積滯(巴豆一兩蛤粉二兩黄蘗三兩爲末水丸緑豆大毎)(水下五丸醫學切問)寒澼宿食(不消大便閉塞巴豆仁一升清酒五升煮三日三夜研熟)(合酒微火煎令可丸如豌豆大每服一丸水下欲吐者二丸 千金方)水蟲大腹(動揺水聲)(皮膚色黒巴豆九十枚去心皮熬黄杏仁六十枚去皮尖熬黄擣九小豆大水下一丸以利爲度勿飲酒)(備張文仲 急方)飛尸鬼擊(中惡心痛腹脹大便不通走馬湯用巴豆二枚去皮心熬黄杏)(仁二枚以綿包椎碎熱湯一合捻取白汁服之當下而瘉量老小用之 外䑓)食瘧積瘧(巴豆)(去皮心二錢皂莢去皮子六錢搗丸綠豆大一服一丸冷湯下 肘后方)積滯泄痢(腹痛裏急)(杏仁去皮尖巴豆去皮心各四十九箇同燒存性研泥溶蠟和丸綠豆大毎服二三丸煎大黄湯下間日)(一服一加百草霜三錢 劉守真宣明方)氣痢赤白(巴豆一兩去皮心熬研以熟猪肝丸綠豆)(大空心米飲下三四丸量人用此乃鄭獬侍御所𫝊方也 經騐方)瀉血不止(巴豆一箇去皮)(以雞子開一孔納入紙封煨熟去豆食之其病即止虚人分作二服決效 普濟方)小兒下痢(赤白用巴豆煨熟去油一錢百草霜二錢研末飛羅麪煮糊丸黍米大量人用之赤用甘草湯白用米湯)(赤白用薑湯下 全㓜心鑑)夏月水瀉(不止巴豆一粒針頭燒存性化蠟和作一丸倒流水)(下效危氏得 方)小兒吐瀉(巴豆一箇針穿燈上燒過黄蠟一豆大燈上燒滴入水中同杵)(丸黍米大毎用五七丸蓮子燈心湯下 同上)伏暑霍亂(傷冷吐利煩濕水浸丹用巴豆二十)(五箇去皮心及油黄丹炒研一兩二錢半化黄蠟和丸綠豆大毎服五七丸水浸少頃别以新汲水吞下)(和劑方)乾霍亂病(心腹脹痛不吐不利欲死巴豆一枚去皮心熱水研服得吐利即定也)二便不通(巴豆連油連黄各半兩搗作餅子先滴葱塩汁在臍内安餅子上灸二七壮取利爲)(度家楊氏 藏)寒痰氣喘(青橘皮一片展開入剛子一箇麻紥定火上燒存性研末薑汁和酒)(一鍾呷服天台李翰林用此治莫秀才到口便止神方也張杲醫說)風濕痰病(人坐宻室中左)(用滚水一盆右用炭火一盆前置一桌書一册先将無油新巴豆四十九粒研如泥紙壓去油分作三餅)(如病在左令病人将右手仰置書上安藥于掌心以盌安藥上傾熱水入盌内水凉即換良久汗出立見)(神效病在右安左掌心一云隨左右安之 保壽堂經騐方)隂毒傷寒(心結按之極痛大小)(便閉但出氣稍暖者急取巴豆十粒研入麪一錢捻作餅安臍内以小艾炷灸五壮氣逹即通此太師陳)(北山方也方仁齋直指)解中毒藥(巴豆去皮不去油馬牙硝等分研丸冷水服一彈丸 廣)(利方)喉痺垂死(止有餘氣者巴豆去皮線穿内入喉中牽出即甦 千金)纒喉風痺(巴豆兩粒紙卷作角切斷兩頭以針穿孔内入喉中氣透即通 勝金方)傷寒舌出(巴豆一粒)(去油取霜以紙撚卷内入鼻中舌即収上 普濟方)舌上出血(如箸孔巴豆一枚亂髪鷄子大)(燒研酒服 聖惠)中風口喎(巴豆七枚去皮研左喎塗右手心右喎塗左手心仍以暖水一)(盞安藥上須臾即正洗去 聖惠方)小兒口瘡(不能食乳剛子一枚連油研入黄丹少許剃去)(𩕄上髮貼之四邉起粟泡便用温水洗去乃以菖蒲湯冄洗即不成瘡神效 瑞竹堂方)風蟲牙痛(聖惠用巴豆一粒煨黄去殻蒜一瓣切一頭剜去中心入豆在内盖定綿褁隨左右塞耳中 經騐)(方用巴豆一粒研綿褁咬之三乂方針刺巴豆燈上燒令烟出熏痛處 五次神效)天絲入咽(凡露地飲食有飛絲入上食之令人咽喉生瘡急以白礬巴豆燒灰吹入即愈 𤨏碎錄)耳卒聾閉(巴豆一粒紙裹針刺孔通氣塞之取效 經騐)風瘙隠疹(心下迷悶巴豆五十粒去皮水)(七升煮二升以帛染拭之隨手瘉 千金翼)疥瘡搔痒(巴豆十粒炮黄去皮心右順手研入)(酥少許膩粉少許抓破㸃上不得近目并外腎上如熏目著腎則以黄丹塗之甚妙 千金方)荷錢癬瘡(巴豆仁三箇連油杵泥以生絹包擦日一二次三日痊好 碑以正經騐方)一切惡瘡(巴豆三十粒麻油煎黒去豆以油調硫黄輕粉末頻塗取效 普濟)癰疽惡肉(烏金膏解)(一切瘡毒及腐化瘀肉最能推陳致新巴豆仁炒焦研膏㸃痛處則解毒塗瘀肉上則自化加乳香少許)(亦可若毒深不能収歛者宜作撚紝之不致成痛 外科精義)疣痣黑子(巴豆一錢石灰炒過)(人言一錢糯米五分炒研㸃之 怪症方)箭鏃入肉(不可㧞出者用新巴豆仁畧熬與蜣蜋同)(研塗之斯須痛定微痒忍之待極痒不可忍便撼㧞動之取出速以生肌膏傅之而痊亦治瘡腫夏侯鄲)(在潤州得此方後至洪州旅舍主人妻病背瘡呻吟不已鄲用此方試之即痛止也 經騐方)小兒痰喘(巴豆一粒杵爛綿褁塞鼻男左女右痰即自下 龔氏醫鑑)牛疫動頭(巴豆二粒)(生麻油三兩漿水半升和灌之 賈相公牛經)油主治中風痰厥氣厥中惡喉痺一切急病咽喉不通牙關𦂳閉以研爛巴豆綿紙包壓取油作撚㸃燈吹滅熏鼻中或用熱烟刺入喉内即時出涎或惡血便甦又舌上無故出血以熏舌之上下自止(時珍)殻主治消積滯治瀉痢(時珍)附方(新二)一切瀉痢(脉浮洪者多日難已脉微小者服之立止名勝金膏巴豆皮楮葉同)(燒存性研化蠟丸綠豆大毎甘草湯下五丸 劉河間宣明方)痢頻脱肛(黒色堅硬用巴豆殻)(燒灰芭蕉自然汁煮入朴硝少許洗軟用真麻油㸃火滴于上以枯礬龍骨少許爲末摻肛頭上以芭蕉)(葉托入方危氏得效)樹根主治癰疽發背腦疽鬢疽大患掘取洗擣敷患處留頭妙不可言収根隂乾臨時水搗亦可(時珍誠出楊)(經騐方)打开原始来源 ↗当前是一份《本草綱目》的条目。可以与其他来源的同名记录对读，比较用途、别名和文字差异。
检索同名资料 →本条目尚未关联方剂，不代表没有方剂使用它。目前不能据此列出已核实的处方。
本草条目中尚未整理现代研究与安全性评估。这里的“未整理”不代表没有研究，也不代表已证实安全。
按名称查已收录现代资料 →当前匹配名称及文献标题，不是全面文献检索，可能没有命中。本条目尚无有来源且已复核的日文名称。
这些是按汉字读音组合的生成读音候选，不是已收录的日文药名，不证明基原等同性、方剂使用或临床有效性。多个读音不是多份独立证据。
保留原始分类、复核状态、限制及生成方法；以下含未翻译的技术数据。
{
"id": "jp-name-9ea31095387203597b158a60ad54c2ecb2586568f8362a23fa8246931afe3325",
"term": "トモエズ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-71900a61ac595e2f366ed1ab797141f1ccadd0482c6c853344d90a47aa1c3e81"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "巴豆",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-826bd9a5ffb8338b97d860c2549c1629c5446cb4cbd4934a88ea987dbda09d35",
"term": "トモエタカツキ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-71900a61ac595e2f366ed1ab797141f1ccadd0482c6c853344d90a47aa1c3e81"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "巴豆",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-a6e3a5e13612bbd15522535f05d6d88c963d59f0b81bcbeb1caa9ef397caf4a5",
"term": "トモエトウ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-71900a61ac595e2f366ed1ab797141f1ccadd0482c6c853344d90a47aa1c3e81"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "巴豆",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-361db05c80a065e15f8c100b4094a7418374df0d489ca9670a7c67793cae399e",
"term": "トモエマメ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-71900a61ac595e2f366ed1ab797141f1ccadd0482c6c853344d90a47aa1c3e81"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "巴豆",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-9663c04d67bb6f1e627c5cc4e5994fbd12344cb5a6cc3f948cfdc133bcfecb1b",
"term": "ハズ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-71900a61ac595e2f366ed1ab797141f1ccadd0482c6c853344d90a47aa1c3e81"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "巴豆",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-2839b74a6cf52368dd299dc1588bf66ae40bda9cadcf33451b934eb1afc6df3f",
"term": "ハタカツキ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-71900a61ac595e2f366ed1ab797141f1ccadd0482c6c853344d90a47aa1c3e81"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "巴豆",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-0a096101d6770b195c02fbd39a329030fd815eb280aaead3c87d3f5ad115c76d",
"term": "ハトウ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-71900a61ac595e2f366ed1ab797141f1ccadd0482c6c853344d90a47aa1c3e81"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "巴豆",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-5f41feadb879a9b3c64ffd25b2b9b5dacb2627c2e8449b6ec0df65a3af94e7f9",
"term": "ハマメ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-71900a61ac595e2f366ed1ab797141f1ccadd0482c6c853344d90a47aa1c3e81"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "巴豆",
"truncated": false
}
}以下字段供审计与复现使用，一般阅读时无需理解。