本草条目
这里展示的是《本草綱目》中“茯苓”的记载。下面按原文线索帮助阅读，不把古籍记载改写成现代疗效结论。
茯苓(本經上品)釋名伏靈(綱目)伏兔(本經)松腴 不死麫(記事)抱根者名伏神(别録宗奭曰多年樵斫之松根之氣味抑鬱未絶精英未淪其精氣盛者發泄于外結為茯苓)(故不抱根離其本體有零之義也津氣不盛止能附結本根既不離本故曰伏神時珍曰茯苓史記龜莢)(傳作伏靈蓋松之神靈之氣伏結而成故謂之伏靈伏神也仙經言伏靈大如拳者佩之令百鬼消㓕則)(神靈之氣亦可徴矣俗作苓者傳寫之訛爾下有伏靈上有兔絲故又名伏兔或云其形如兔故名亦通)集解(别録曰茯苓伏神生大山山谷大松下二月八月采隂乾𢎞景曰今出鬱州大者如三四升器)(外皮黑而細皺内堅白形如鳥獸龜鱉者…
结合上下文阅读；遇到异体字或可疑文字，可打开原始来源校对。
导读仅摘取开头部分；下方原文栏不作截断。
茯苓(本經上品)釋名伏靈(綱目)伏兔(本經)松腴 不死麫(記事)抱根者名伏神(别録宗奭曰多年樵斫之松根之氣味抑鬱未絶精英未淪其精氣盛者發泄于外結為茯苓)(故不抱根離其本體有零之義也津氣不盛止能附結本根既不離本故曰伏神時珍曰茯苓史記龜莢)(傳作伏靈蓋松之神靈之氣伏結而成故謂之伏靈伏神也仙經言伏靈大如拳者佩之令百鬼消㓕則)(神靈之氣亦可徴矣俗作苓者傳寫之訛爾下有伏靈上有兔絲故又名伏兔或云其形如兔故名亦通)集解(别録曰茯苓伏神生大山山谷大松下二月八月采隂乾𢎞景曰今出鬱州大者如三四升器)(外皮黑而細皺内堅白形如鳥獸龜鱉者良虚赤者不佳性無杇蛀埋地中三十年猶色理無異也㳟曰)(今泰山亦有茯苓實而理小不復采用第一出華山形極粗大雍州南山亦有不如華山保昇曰所在大)(松處皆有惟華山最多生枯松樹下形塊無定以似龜鳥形者為佳禹錫曰范子計然言茯苓出嵩山及)(三輔淮南子言千年之松下有茯苓上有兔絲典術言松脂入地千歲為茯苓望松樹赤者有之廣志言)(伏神乃松汁所作勝於茯苓或云即茯苓貫着松根者生朱提濮陽縣頌曰今大華嵩山皆有之出大松)(下附根而生無苗葉花實作塊如拳在土底大者至數斤有赤白二種或云松脂變成或云假松氣而生)(今東人見山中古松乆為人斬伐其枯折槎枿枝葉不復上生者謂之茯苓撥即于四面丈餘地内以鐵)(頭錐刺地如有茯苓則錐固不可抜乃掘取之其撥大者茯苓亦大皆自作塊不附着根其包根面輕虚)(者為伏神則假氣生者其説勝矣龜策傳云茯苓在兔絲之下狀如飛鳥之形新雨已霽天靜無風以火)(夜燒兔絲去之即篝燭此地罩之火滅即記其處明乃掘取入地四尺或七尺得矣此類今不聞有之宗)(奭曰上有兔絲之説甚為輕信時珍曰下有茯苓則上有靈氣如絲之狀山人亦時見之非兔絲子之兔)(絲也注淮南子者以兔絲子及女蘿為説誤矣茯苓有大如斗者有堅如石者絶勝其輕虛者不佳蓋年)(淺未堅故爾劉宋王微茯苓賛云皓苓下居彤絲上㑹中狀雞鳬其容龜蔡神侔少司保延㓜艾終志不)(移柔紅可佩觀此彤絲即兔絲之證矣冦氏未解此義)修治(斆曰凡用皮去心搗細于水盆中攪濁浮者濾去之此是茯苓赤筋若誤服餌令人瞳子并黑)(睛㸃小兼盲目𢎞景曰作丸散者先煮二三沸乃切暴乾用)氣味甘平無毒(元素曰性温味甘而淡氣味俱薄浮而升陽也之才曰馬問為之使得甘)(草防風芍藥紫石英麥門冬共療五臟惡白斂畏牡䝉地榆雄黄秦芃龜甲忌米醋及酸物𢎞景曰藥無)(馬問或是馬莖也恭曰李氏本草馬刀為茯苓使問字草書似刀字傳訛爾志曰二注恐皆非也當是馬)(藺字)主治胸脇逆氣憂恚驚邪恐悸心下結痛寒熱煩滿欬逆口焦舌乾利小便乆服安魂養神不饑延年(本經)止消渴好睡大腹淋瀝膈中痰水水腫淋結開胸腑調臟氣伐腎邪長隂益氣力保神氣(别録)開胃止嘔逆善安心神主肺痿痰壅心腹脹滿小兒驚癎女人熱淋(甄權)補五勞七傷開心益志止健忘煖腰膝安胎(大明)止渴利小便除濕益燥和中益氣利腰臍間血(元素)逐水緩脾生津導氣平火止泄除虛熱開腠理(李杲)瀉膀胱益脾胃治腎積奔豚(好古)赤茯苓主治破結氣(甄權)瀉心小腸膀胱濕熱利竅行水(時珍)茯苓皮主治水腫膚脹開水道開腠理(時珍)發明(𢎞景曰茯苓白色者補赤色者利俗用甚多仙方服食亦為至要云其通神而致靈和魂而鍊)(魄利竅而益肌厚腸而開心調營而理衞上品仙藥也善能斷穀不饑宗奭曰茯苓行水之功多益心脾)(不可缺也元素曰伏苓赤瀉白補上古無此説氣味俱薄性浮而升其用有五利小便也開腠理也生津)(液也除虛熱也止㵼也如小便利或數者多服則損人目汗多人服之亦損元氣天人為其淡而滲也又)(云淡為天之陽陽當上行何以利水而瀉下氣薄者陽中之隂所以茯苓利水㵼下不離陽之體故入手)(太陽杲曰白者入壬癸赤者入丙丁味甘而淡降也陽中隂也其用有六利竅而除濕益氣而和中治驚)(悸生津液小便多者能止小便結者能通又云濕淫所勝小便不利淡以利竅甘以助湯温平能益脾逐)(水乃除濕之聖藥也好古曰白者入手太隂足太陽經氣分赤者入足太隂手少隂太陽氣分伐腎邪小)(便多能止之小便濇能利之與車前子相似雖利小便而不走氣酒浸與光明朱砂同用能袐童元味甘)(而平如何是利小便耶震亨曰茯苓得松之餘氣而成屬金仲景利小便多用之此暴新病之要藥也若)(隂虛者恐未為宜此物有行水之功久服損人八味丸用之者亦不過接引他藥歸就腎經去胞中久陳)(積垢為搬運之功爾時珍曰伏苓本草又言利小便伐腎邪至李東垣王海藏乃言小便多者能止濇者)(能通同朱砂能祕真元而朱丹溪又言隂虛者不宜用義似相反何哉伏苓氣味淡而滲其性上行生津)(液開腠理滋水之原而下降利小便故張潔古謂其屬陽浮而升言其性也東垣謂其為陽中之隂降而)(下言其功也素問云飲食入胃遊溢精氣上輸于肺通調水道下輸膀胱觀此則知淡滲之藥俱皆上行)(而後下降非直下行也小便多其源亦異素問云肺氣盛則便數而欠虛則欠欬小便遺數心虛則少氣)(遺溺下焦虛則遺溺胞移熱于膀胱則遺溺膀胱不利為癃不約為遺厥隂病則遺溺閉癃所謂肺氣盛)(者實熱也其人必氣壯脉强宜用茯苓甘淡以滲其熱故曰小便多者能止也若夫肺虛心虛胞熱厥隂)(病者皆虛熱也其人必上熱下寒脉虛而弱法當用升陽之藥以升水降火膀胱不約下焦虛者乃火投)(于水水泉不藏脱陽之証其人必肢冷脈遲法當用温熱之藥峻補其下交濟坎離二証皆非茯苓輩淡)(滲之藥所可治故曰隂虚者不宜用也仙家雖有服食之法亦當因人而用焉)伏神氣味甘平無毒主治辟不祥療風眩風虛五勞口乾止驚悸多恚怒善忘開心益智安魂魄養精神(别録)補勞乏主心下急痛堅滿人虚而小腸不利者加而用之(甄權)神木(即伏神心内木也又名黄松節)主治偏風口面喎斜毒風筋攣不語心神驚掣虛而健忘(甄權)治脚氣痺痛諸筋牽縮(時珍)發明(𢎞景曰仙方止云茯苓而無伏神為療既同用應無嫌時珍曰神農本草止言伏苓名醫别録)(始添伏神而主治皆同後人治心病必用伏神故潔古張氏云風眩心虛非伏神不能除然茯苓亦未嘗)(不治心病也陶𢎞景始言茯苓赤瀉白補李杲復分赤入丙丁白入壬癸此其發前人之祕者時珍則謂)(牡苓伏神只當云赤入血分白入氣分各從其類如 丹芍藥之義不當以丙丁壬癸分也若以丙丁壬)(癸分則白伏神不能治心病赤茯苓不能入膀胱矣張元素不分赤白之説于理欠通聖濟録松節散用)(伏神心中木一兩乳香一錢石器炒研為末毎服二錢木𤓰酒下治風寒冷濕摶于筋骨足筋攣痛行步)(艱難但是諸筋攣縮疼痛並主之)附方(舊五新二十六)服茯苓法(頌曰集仙方多單餌伏苓其法取白茯苓五斤去黒皮擣)(篩以熟絹囊盛于二斗米下蒸之米熟即止暴乾又蒸如此三遍乃取牛乳二斗和合着銅器中㣲火煮)(如膏收之毎食以竹刀割隨性飽食辟穀不飢也如欲食穀先煮葵汁飲之 又茯苓酥法白茯苓三十)(斤山之陽者甘美山之隂者味苦去皮薄切暴乾蒸之以湯淋去苦味淋之不止其汁當甜乃暴乾篩末)(用酒三石蜜三升相和置大甕中攪之百匝宻封勿洩氣冬五十日夏二十五日酥自浮出酒上掠取其)(味極甘美作掌大塊空室中隂乾色赤如棗飢時食一枚酒送之終日不食名神仙度世之法 又服食)(法以茯苓合白菊花或合桂心或合术為散丸自任皆可常服補益殊勝 儒門事親方用茯苓四兩頭)(白麫二兩水調作餅以黄蠟三兩煎熟飽食一頓便絶食辟穀至三日覺難受以後氣力漸生也 經騐)(後方服法用華山挺子茯苓削如棗大方塊安新甕内好酒浸之紙封一重百日乃開其色當如餳糖可)(日食一塊至百日肌體潤澤一年可夜視物乆乆腸化為筋延年耐老面若童顔 嵩高記用茯苓松脂)(各二斤淳酒浸之和以白蜜日三服之久久通靈錢又法白茯苓去皮酒浸十五日漉出為散每服三)(水調下日三服夜孫真人枕中記云茯苓久服百日病除二百日晝 不眠二年役使鬼神四年後玉女)(來侍能葛洪抱朴子云王子季服茯苓十八年玉女從之 隠能彰不食穀炙瘢滅面體玉澤又黄初起)(服茯苓五萬日能坐在立亡日中無影)交感丸方(見草部莎根下)吳仙丹方(見果)(部吳茱茰下)胸脇氣逆(脹滿茯苓一兩人參半兩每服三錢水煎服日三 聖濟總録)養心安神(朱雀丸治心神不定恍惚健忘不樂火不下降水不上升時復振跳常服消隂養火全心)(氣伏神二兩去皮沈香半兩為末煉蜜丸小豆大毎服三十丸食後人參湯下 百一選方)血虛心汗(别處無汗獨心孔有汗思慮多則汗亦多宜養心血以艾湯調伏苓末日服一錢 證治要訣)心虛夢洩(或白濁白茯苓末二錢米湯調下日二服蘇東坡方也 直指方)虛滑遺精(白茯苓二兩縮砂仁一兩為末入鹽二錢精羊肉批片摻藥炙食以酒送下 普濟方)漏精白濁(方見菜部薯蕷下)濁遺帶下(威喜丸治丈夫元陽虛憊精氣不固小便下濁餘瀝)(常流夢寐多驚頻頻遺洩婦人白淫白帶並治之白茯苓去皮四兩作匱以豬苓四錢半入内煮二十餘)(沸取出日乾擇去豬苓為末化黄蠟捜和丸彈子大每嚼一丸空心津下以小便清為度忌米醋 李時)(珍曰抱朴子言茯苓千萬歲其上生小木狀似蓮花名曰木威喜芝夜視有光燒之不焦帶之辟兵服之)(長生和劑局方威喜丸之名蓋取諸此)小便頻多(白茯苓去皮乾山藥去皮以白礬水瀹過)(焙等分為末每米飲服二錢 儒門事親方)小便不禁(茯苓丸治心腎俱虛神志不守小便)(淋瀝不禁用白伏苓赤茯苓等分為末以新汲水挼洗去筋控乾以酒煮地黄汁搗膏捜和丸彈子大毎)(嚼一丸空心鹽酒下 三因方)小便淋濁(由心腎氣虛神舍不守或夢遺白濁赤白茯苓等分)(為末新汲水飛去沬控乾以地黄汁同擣酒熬作膏和丸彈子大空心鹽湯嚼下一丸 三因方)下虛消渴(土盛下虛心火炎爍腎水枯涸不能交濟而成渴証白茯苓一斤黄連一斤為末熬天花)(粉作糊丸梧子大每温湯下五十丸 徳生堂經騐方)下部諸疾(龍液膏用堅實白茯苓去)(皮焙研取清溪流水洗浸去筋膜復焙入瓷□内以好蜜和勻入銅釡内重湯桑柴灰煮一日取出收之)(每空心白湯下二三匙解煩鬱躁渴一切下部疾皆可除 積善堂方)飱泄滑痢(不止白茯)(苓一兩木香煨半兩為末紫蘇木𤓰湯下二錢 百一選方)妊娠水腫(小便不利惡寒赤茯)(苓去皮葵子各半兩為末每服二錢新汲水下 禹講師方)卒然耳聾(黄蠟不拘多少和茯)(苓末細嚼茶湯下 普濟方)面䵟雀斑(白茯苓末蜜和夜夜𫝊之二七日愈 姚僧坦集騐)(方)豬雞骨哽(五月五日取楮子晒乾白茯苓等分為末每服二錢乳香湯下一方不用楮子)(以所哽骨煎湯下 經騐良方)痔漏神方(赤白茯苓去皮没藥各二兩破故紙四兩石臼搗成)(一塊春秋酒浸三日夏二日冬五日取出木籠蒸熟晒乾為末酒糊丸梧子大每酒服二十丸漸加至五)(十丸驗革炳集 方)血餘怪病(手十指節斷壞惟有筋連無節肉虫出如燈心長數寸遍身緑)(毛卷名曰血餘以茯苓胡黄連煎湯飲之愈 夏子益竒疾方)水腫尿濇(伏苓皮椒目等分煎)(湯日飲取効 普濟方)打开原始来源 ↗当前是一份《本草綱目》的条目。可以与其他来源的同名记录对读，比较用途、别名和文字差异。
检索同名资料 →已关联 1 条方剂线索，可在下方核对组成与出处。名称关联不等于已确认使用同一种药材。
查看方剂线索 ↓本草条目中尚未整理现代研究与安全性评估。这里的“未整理”不代表没有研究，也不代表已证实安全。
按名称查已收录现代资料 →当前匹配名称及文献标题，不是全面文献检索，可能没有命中。本条目尚无有来源且已复核的日文名称。
这些是按汉字读音组合的生成读音候选，不是已收录的日文药名，不证明基原等同性、方剂使用或临床有效性。多个读音不是多份独立证据。
保留原始分类、复核状态、限制及生成方法；以下含未翻译的技术数据。
{
"id": "jp-name-3e06d094f4f5faeca39b771799cd2ca51b4348c34a127bc63107673e8c8e296a",
"term": "フクミミナグサ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-58d17534ba0d0fed95d25eab3cc2d052c78b0c62afaabc6cad17bffcee5fab01"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "茯苓",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-dacd9b58f419f8253451e3172488bd11c1bccd0ff863998cb4d6f8fc5467e94c",
"term": "フクリョウ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-58d17534ba0d0fed95d25eab3cc2d052c78b0c62afaabc6cad17bffcee5fab01"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "茯苓",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-f23c6fd774c871e26d8134f49394372fcbd3aa66baa25198bc71f3c9350d97c5",
"term": "フクレイ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-58d17534ba0d0fed95d25eab3cc2d052c78b0c62afaabc6cad17bffcee5fab01"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "茯苓",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-09e80b51ee8d75c5f39e7e6e526b37b6f973b73b9ce58d2a265d51a099b77700",
"term": "ブクミミナグサ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-58d17534ba0d0fed95d25eab3cc2d052c78b0c62afaabc6cad17bffcee5fab01"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "茯苓",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-204caaff46f7337b26c2586188c374ea8bf452a8a18e60aa1bebf7614983c22e",
"term": "ブクリョウ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-58d17534ba0d0fed95d25eab3cc2d052c78b0c62afaabc6cad17bffcee5fab01"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "茯苓",
"truncated": false
}
}{
"id": "jp-name-9aa31ec2292301e129c68d7066b7f4b008b85f8274e4a9c5469d748d577d6639",
"term": "ブクレイ",
"script": "katakana",
"target_record_ids": [
"herb-entry-58d17534ba0d0fed95d25eab3cc2d052c78b0c62afaabc6cad17bffcee5fab01"
],
"relation": "generated_reading_candidate",
"review_state": "generated",
"source_refs": [],
"limitations": [
"generated from Unicode Unihan kJapaneseOn/kJapaneseKun character readings; it is not an attested Japanese herb name",
"a generated reading does not establish botanical identity, materia-medica equivalence, formula use, or clinical effectiveness"
],
"derivation": {
"combination_cap": 32,
"method": "unicode-unihan-kJapaneseOn-kJapaneseKun",
"simplified_character_fallbacks": [],
"source_label": "茯苓",
"truncated": false
}
}以下字段供审计与复现使用，一般阅读时无需理解。